{"id":1078,"date":"2024-06-17T11:37:59","date_gmt":"2024-06-17T11:37:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/languagegames.cz\/?p=1078"},"modified":"2024-06-17T11:38:56","modified_gmt":"2024-06-17T11:38:56","slug":"co-motivuje-lidi-k-jednani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jazykovehry.cz\/cs\/co-motivuje-lidi-k-jednani\/","title":{"rendered":"Co motivuje lidi k jedn\u00e1n\u00ed?"},"content":{"rendered":"

June 17, 2024<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Motivace je motorem jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zn\u00e1te pojmy jako vnit\u0159n\u00ed a vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed motivace. Po shrnut\u00ed z\u00e1klad\u016f se v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku pod\u00edv\u00e1me na motivaci trochu v\u00edce do hloubky a prozkoum\u00e1me model z\u00e1kladn\u00edch tou\u017eeb, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 opodstatnen\u00ed v gamifikaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1klady motivace<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pojem motivace <\/em>b\u011b\u017en\u011b ch\u00e1peme jako chu\u0165 (nad\u0161en\u00ed) nebo d\u016fvod (pot\u0159ebu) dos\u00e1hnout stanoven\u00e9ho c\u00edle, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se m\u016f\u017ee projevit jako po\u010d\u00e1tek, pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo ukon\u010den\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9ho kon\u00e1n\u00ed. V jednoduchosti lze \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee motivace m\u00e1 dv\u011b f\u00e1zy:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. stanoven\u00ed c\u00edle,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. snaha o dosa\u017een\u00ed c\u00edle.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Typicky se uv\u00e1d\u00ed dva z\u00e1kladn\u00ed typy motivace:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed motivace<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 vych\u00e1dz\u00ed z extern\u00edch zdroj\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad pen\u00edze, odm\u011bna, nebo pochvala;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. vnit\u0159n\u00ed motivace<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 vych\u00e1z\u00ed z na\u0161\u00ed vlastn\u00ed pot\u0159eby, nap\u0159\u00edklad pocit radosti, zadostiu\u010din\u011bn\u00ed, zv\u011bdavost nebo hlad.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      Motiv\u00e1tory lze d\u00e1l rozli\u0161ovat na:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. pozitivn\u00ed <\/strong>ve form\u011b odm\u011bny, kterou se sna\u017e\u00edme dos\u00e1hnout,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. negativn\u00ed <\/strong>ve form\u011b trestu, kter\u00e9mu se sna\u017e\u00edme vyhnout.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        K motivaci by se toho dalo ps\u00e1t mnohem v\u00edce, ale jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vhled na pochopen\u00ed n\u00ed\u017ee spomenut\u00e9ho modelu n\u00e1m tyto pojmy sta\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

        Octalysis Framework<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Tento model poch\u00e1z\u00ed z d\u00edlny Yukai Chou a lze jej vyu\u017e\u00edt i za br\u00e1nou gamifikace. Popisuje 8 princip\u016f, na z\u00e1klad\u011b kter\u00fdch u hr\u00e1\u010de vznik\u00e1 motivace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        (1) Epick\u00fd v\u00fdznam a posl\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Tato touha pracuje s p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00edm, \u017ee to, co d\u011bl\u00e1me, je n\u011bco v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jsme my. Vyvol\u00e1va pocit, \u017ee vykon\u00e1v\u00e1me v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dobro. Zva\u017ete nap\u0159\u00edklad tvorbu Wikipedie – lidi investuj\u00ed hodiny sv\u00e9ho \u010dasu do tvorby voln\u011b dostupn\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze, proto\u017ee v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee toto kon\u00e1n\u00ed pom\u016f\u017ee sv\u011btu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        (2) Rozvoj a \u00fasp\u011bchy<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Lid\u00e9 jsou nastaveni k tomu, aby tou\u017eili po pokroku, rozvoji dovednost\u00ed a p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek. Tyto \u00fasp\u011bchy jsou pak n\u011bco, na co m\u016f\u017eeme b\u00fdt py\u0161n\u00ed a chlubit se p\u0159ed ostatn\u00edmi. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby je nebylo jednoduch\u00e9 dos\u00e1hnout, proto\u017ee pak str\u00e1c\u00ed svoj hodnotu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        (3) Kreativita a sp\u011btn\u00e1 vazba<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Pot\u0159eba kreativn\u00edho vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed a \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f je dal\u0161\u00ed siln\u00fd motiv\u00e1tor. Kdy\u017e je probl\u00e9m spr\u00e1vn\u011b postaven, vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me v\u0161echen kreativn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l k jeho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a kdy\u017e dost\u00e1v\u00e1me okam\u017eitou zp\u011btnou vazbu o na\u0161em po\u010d\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed, objev\u00edme se ve smy\u010dce “pokus-omyl”. Hled\u00e1me tolik \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a pokou\u0161\u00edme se tolikr\u00e1t, dokud neusp\u011bjeme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        (4) Vlastnictv\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Motivovan\u00ed jsme i tehdy, kdy\u017e c\u00edt\u00edme, \u017ee n\u00e1m n\u011bco pat\u0159\u00ed. V takov\u00e9 situaci vynaklad\u00e1me \u010das a \u00fasil\u00ed, aby “to na\u0161e” bylo lep\u0161\u00ed a abychom toho m\u011bli v\u00edc. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce \u00fasil\u00ed do n\u011b\u010deho vlo\u017e\u00edme, t\u00edm v\u00edc n\u00e1m na tom z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed. S touto premisou pracuje IKEA – nech\u00e1 z\u00e1kazn\u00edky postavit si sv\u016fj “vlastn\u00ed” n\u00e1bytek, aby si k n\u011bmu ud\u011blali citov\u00fd vztah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"\"<\/a>
        Zdroj obr\u00e1zku: https:\/\/yukaichou.com\/gamification-examples\/octalysis-complete-gamification-framework\/<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

        (5) Spole\u010densk\u00fd vlyv<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Lidi jsou spol\u010den\u0161t\u00ed tvorov\u00e9 a podv\u011bdom\u011b v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee bez ostatn\u00edch nep\u0159e\u017eij\u00ed. Jestli chceme nebo ne, m\u00e1me tendence cht\u00edt zapadnout. Kdy\u017e v\u00edme, \u017ee je v procesu za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00fd n\u011bkdo dal\u0161\u00ed, pod\u00e1v\u00e1me mnohem lep\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdsledky. Nap\u0159\u00edklad sami by jste si doma ve\u010der k u\u010den\u00ed angli\u010dtiny nesadli, ale kdy\u017e jste domluveni s kamar\u00e1dem na spolo\u010dn\u00e9m studiu, d\u00edv\u00e1te se na to zcela jin\u00fdm pohledem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        (6) Nedostatek a netrp\u011blivost<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Tento princip t\u011b\u017e\u00ed z lidsk\u00e9 m\u00e1rnivosti – chceme to, co nem\u016f\u017eeme m\u00edt. Jednou str\u00e1nkou t\u00e9to touhy je, \u017ee si cen\u00edme v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00fdch je m\u00e1lo. Druh\u00e1 tkv\u00ed v tom, \u017ee kdy\u017e n\u011bco nem\u016f\u017eeme m\u00edt ihned a mus\u00edme na to \u010dekat, nut\u00ed n\u00e1s to na danou v\u011bc myslet a\u017e do momentu, kdy je kone\u010dn\u011b dostupn\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

        (7) Nep\u0159edv\u00eddatelnost a zv\u011bdavost<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        N\u00e1\u0161 mozek neust\u00e1le p\u0159edv\u00edd\u00e1, tak\u017ee kdy\u017e jej postav\u00edme do situace, ve kter\u00e9 netu\u0161\u00ed, co se stane d\u00e1l, je aktivov\u00e1n a zaujat. Nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti a zv\u011bdavost n\u00e1s nenechaj\u00ed v klidu, kdy\u017e m\u00e1me mo\u017enost d\u00edvat se na dlouh\u00e9 seri\u00e1ly a \u00fa\u010dastnit se v tombole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        (8) Strata a vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Tento princip n\u00e1s m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159inutit dodr\u017eovat p\u0159ik\u00e1zanou rychlost, abychom se vyhnuli pokut\u011b. Kdy\u017e m\u00e1me pocit, \u017ee n\u00e1m n\u011bco pat\u0159\u00ed, nen\u00ed pro n\u00e1s jednoduch\u00e9 se toho vzd\u00e1t a plat\u00ed to i o iluzi. S t\u00edmto strachem se poj\u00ed efekt, kdy se pro n\u011bco rozhodneme proto, \u017ee jde o do\u010dasnou v\u00fdhodnou nab\u00eddku, kterou bychom mohli stratit, pokud bychom v dan\u00fd moment nejednali.<\/p>\n\n\n

        <\/div>

        The First Language Gamer<\/p>

        Silvia<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n

        \n\n\n\n

        Dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky:<\/h2>\n\n\n